I realize that reporting the news requires moving very quickly to write, edit, and publish the stories that show up on my doorstep every day. But at times I wonder if they’ve left out the "edit" part of that process, especially when things like this show up, in an Associated Press story about Amelie Mauresmo winning her first Grand Slam title in the Australian Open:
Mauresmo then sat and hung her head, seemingly stunned and overwhelmed. She finally got up and rose her arms in triumph, choking back her own tears of emotion, as French flags fluttered in the stands, still looking less than triumphant as Henin-Hardenne continued to weep.
Anybody want to take a shot at identifying what’s wrong with that paragraph?
We have a winner! Ray Ward said:
I think it’s the verb, "rose." Shouldn’t that be "raised"? "Rose" is past tense of "rise," which is intransitive. "Raise" is transitive, and since she raised something (her arms), the writer needed a transitive verb.
That’s it exactly. And this is as good a time as any to talk about transitive and intransitive verbs.
An idea I’ll repeat frequently here is that good writing focusses on actors performing actions. The actors are the subjects of your sentences, and the actions are verbs. (We’re not going down this rabbit trail right now, but remember that not all verbs are action verbs.)
When you use an action verb—such as smell, gambol, trot, or learn—the action might be done to some object in the sentence, but it might simply be an action. For example, in the sentence "The dog chewed his squeaky toy," chewing is the action, and the object of the action is the squeaky toy. However, in "The dog slept all night," the action is slept, but the action isn’t done to anything; "all night" is not the object of the dog’s sleeping, because sleeping is not an action you do to something else.
Some action verbs require an object, and these verbs are called transitive. The verbs that don’t require an object are intransitive. (I’m not sure if this is the Official Grammar ExplanationTM, but it helps me to think of it this way: If a verb’s action transitions from the subject to an object, it’s a transitive verb. The important thing to remember is that a transitive verb has to have an object.)
Which brings us back (finally) to rise and raise, two verbs with very similar meanings involving going from a lower to a higher position. But rise is intransitive, and raise is transitive. I can’t rise my arms in the air, but I can raise my arms. Speaking in past tense, then, Amelie Mauresmo did not rose her arms, rather, she raised them.
Truth be told, when I read that sentence, I couldn’t immediately explain what was wrong with it using all the highfalutin grammar terms. But I could tell just be the feel of it that something was wrong. Trust your feelings on these things. If something you read or write sounds wrong, chances are good it is wrong, so take a hard look at it.
David points out that there’s another flaw here. I admit that I didn’t see it because rose was blinding me. Anyone else want to take a stab at it?
You have to go back and re-read everything you write, or you run the risk of ending up with something like this:

My new article, "Don’t get lost in translation," was published in the January issue of The Editorial Eye.
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The term for words that sound the same but have different meanings (and sometimes spellings) is homophone (click for a definition), which sounds an awful lot like homophobe, so you can think of them as sound-alikes if you like. (Homophone is from Latin and means "same sound.") Whichever you prefer, homophones or sound-alikes, be aware that they can sneak in past spell-checkers and twist the meaning of your writing, frustrate your readers, and make you look a bit (or a lot, depending on how often you mix them up) silly.
One of the most frequently abused sound-alike pairs is your/you’re, which I wrote about here. But I am continually surprised by the places these things sneak in. For example, I’ve been reading a book by a writer who has a powerful way with words and stories, published by a major publisher of Christian titles. I assume this particular book has gone through a few review cycles with an editor, and very likely a copy editor and a production editor. Several eyes have seen this book before it went into print. And yet I’ve found two glaring instances where they used a homophone rather than the word they really meant to use.
The first one was flare, and from the context of the sentence, which was talking about doing something "with flare," it was obvious that he meant to use flair.
Later in the book, the author spoke of something that another writer was "eluding to." However, eluding is something that the Roadrunner does, as in "The Roadrunner easily eluded Wile E. Coyote’s trap." The word the author wanted here was alluding, because writers quite often make indirect references to things.
OK, so maybe this seems like a nit-picky thing. I’m enjoying the book very much, and I understand what the writer is saying, so what’s the big deal? The big deal is that everytime you cause your reader to stumble over a word, even if it’s ever so slight, you lose something. It might be your readers’ momentum, as they stumble over the wrong word, reflect for a moment to figure out what you meant, and then go on. If this happens too frequently, your readers may lose patience with you and give up entirely. Most importantly, mistakes like this can reduce your credibility, a hard-to-gain commodity. Don’t squander your credibility on such trivial mistakes as homophone mixups.
Make friends with your dictionary. It doesn’t hurt to look up a word or two every now and then to ensure that it means what you think it means.